ꯐꯨꯠ ꯈꯔꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯐꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ: ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯉꯎꯞ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ? ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯝꯅꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ OSHA 1910.184(c)(2) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ASME B30.9ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ, ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯣꯏ .

1/10ꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯇꯥꯌꯥꯔꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯇꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ: ꯑꯦꯕꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯋꯦꯌꯔꯅꯥ ꯋꯦꯕꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ 1/10 ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ EN 1492-1ꯗꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ASME B30.9ꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯀꯦꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯀꯈꯉꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯒꯥꯏꯗꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ 1/10ꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯀꯔꯤꯅꯣ, ꯋꯦꯕꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯀꯗꯒꯦ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯍꯣꯜꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯅꯈꯤꯕꯅꯣ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯔꯤꯒꯤꯡ ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯚꯥꯏꯖꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯖꯤꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫

ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯈꯛꯇꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ—ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯋꯦꯕꯤꯡ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯁ ​​ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯗꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯟꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯐꯟꯗꯥꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯛꯁꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯁꯤꯄꯂꯅꯤ: ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ = ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ÷ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ꯫ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ, ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯨꯄꯁꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ-ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ, ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ-ꯑꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯒꯥꯏꯗꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯔ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯛꯁ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯤꯐꯇꯤꯡ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒꯥꯏꯗꯂꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

ꯂꯤꯐꯇꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ-ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯈꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯱꯴꯹꯲-꯱ (ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯋꯦꯕꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯱꯴꯹꯲-꯲ (ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯃꯆꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯀꯤꯡ ꯂꯣꯗ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ (ꯗꯕꯜꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯦꯜ.) ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯄꯥꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯈꯉꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯒꯣꯜꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯕꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯂꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯝꯄ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ—ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ EN 1492-2ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯔꯥꯎꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ, ꯋꯥꯔꯀꯤꯡ ꯂꯣꯗ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ (WLL) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁꯔꯚꯤꯁ ꯂꯥꯏꯐ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯔ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯏꯗꯤꯌꯥꯜ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ 10ꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯃꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯐꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫

ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯂꯣꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ 'ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ' ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ—ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯅꯥ EN 1492-1 ꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯀꯤꯡ ꯂꯣꯗ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ (-40°Cꯗꯒꯤ 100°C ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ) ꯁꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯏꯂꯣꯡꯁꯟ, ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯏꯁꯆꯔ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯟꯁꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯩ꯫ ꯅꯥꯏꯂꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯂꯣꯗꯇꯥ ꯶–꯱꯰% ꯋꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯂꯀꯥꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯅꯈꯤ . ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ 3–4% ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯂꯀꯥꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯒꯥꯏꯗꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯒꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯅꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯈꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫